(For references in other Link areas, please refer back to the topics list on the Link Bibliography page.)
GENERAL LINK OVERVIEWS AND INTRODUCTIONS
Acero, M. (2021). La violencia y el maltrato hacia los animales de compañía en Bogotá (Colombia): Una aproximación a sus contextos explicativos. [Spanish] Tesis Psicológica, 17(1), 1-31. https://doi.org/10.37511/tesis.v17n1a3
Alberta SPCA (2011). The Cruelty Connection: The Relationships Between Animal Cruelty, Child Abuse and Domestic Violence : A Resource Book for Albertans. Edmonton.
Allen, M.A. (1998). The human-animal abuse connection. The Latham Letter, 19(2), 9-15.
Animals & Society Institute (n.d.) Annotated Bibliography: Animal Abuse and Violence Against Women. Ann Arbor, MI: Author.
Aparecida de Castro, T., Pegolo da Gama, C.A., Alves Guimarães, D., Assis, I.Y., & Pereira Horta, M.A., et al. (2026). The dog-guardian relationship and its meanings: Perceptions, expectations and impacts on guardians’ lives. Animals, 16, 523. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani16030523
Arkow, P. (2023). The Link in military families: Part I: Increased risks of human and animal abuse in military households. The Latham Letter, 44(4), 11-13.
Arkow, P. (2019). The social capital of companion animals: Pets as a Catalyst for Social Networks and Support… and a Barometer of Community Violence. In, A.H. Fine, (Ed.). Handbook on Animal-Assisted Therapy: Theoretical Foundations and Guidelines for Practice, 5th ed. San Diego, CA: Academic Press, pp. 51-60.
Arkow, P. (2019). Breaking the cycles of violence: A guide to multi-disciplinary responses for domestic violence, child protection, adult protection, and animal care & control agencies, (3rd ed.). Alameda, Calif.: Latham Foundation.
Arkow, P. (2015). A Link Across the Lifespan: Animal Abuse as a Marker for Traumatic Experiences in Child Abuse, Domestic Violence and Elder Abuse. Shakopee, MN: Academy on Violence and Abuse.
Arkow, P. (2015). Animal therapy on the community level: The impact of pets on social capital. In, A. H. Fine (Ed.). Handbook on Animal-Assisted Therapy: Foundations and Guidelines for Animal-Assisted Interventions, 4th. ed., pp. 43-51.
* Arkow, P. (2013). The impact of companion animals on social capital and community violence: Setting research, policy and program agendas. Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare, 40(4), 33-56.
Arkow, P. (2012). Latham and The Link: A Legacy of Cruelty Prevention and Personal Responsibility. Alameda, Calif.: Latham Foundation.
Arkow, P. (Ed.). (2012). Proceedings of the National Link Coalition 2012 Summit. Stratford, NJ: National Link Coalition.
Arkow, P. (Ed.). (2010). Proceedings of the National Link Coalition Roundtable. Stratford, NJ: National Link Coalition.
Arkow, P. (2008). Strategizing The Link: Summary Report on the National Town Meeting and Experts’ Summit on The Link Between Animal Abuse and Human Violence, Portland, ME, June 8-9, 2008. Englewood, CO: American Humane Association.
Arkow, P. (2007). Violence toward humans, violence toward animals: The “Connection”. Presentation at 11th International Conference on Human-Animal Interactions, People & Animals: Partnership in Harmony, IAHAIO, Tokyo, Japan, Oct. 5-8.
Arkow, P. (2005). Multidisciplinary prevention and interventions: Animal abuse and family violence. Animal Anti-Cruelty League Newsletter, (Johannesburg, South Africa) No. 2, 1-6.
* Arkow, P (2003). Breaking the cycles of violence: A guide to multi-disciplinary interventions. A handbook for child protection, domestic violence and animal protection agencies. Alameda, CA: Latham Foundation.
Arkow, P. (1999). The evolution of animal welfare as a human welfare concern. In F.R. Ascione & P. Arkow (Eds.). Child abuse, domestic violence, and animal abuse: Linking the circles of compassion for prevention and intervention (Pp. 19-37). West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press.
Arkow, P. (1997). The relationships between animal abuse and other forms of family violence. Protecting Children 13(2), 4-9.
* Arkow, P. (1996). The relationships between animal abuse and other forms of family violence. Family Violence & Sexual Assault Bulletin, 12,(1-2) 29-34.
Arluke, A. & Lockwood, R. (1997). Understanding cruelty to animals. Society & Animals, 5(3), 1-10.
* Ascione, F. R. (Ed.). (2008). International handbook of animal abuse and cruelty: Theory, research, and application. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press.
* Ascione, F.R. (2005). Children, animal abuse and family violence — The multiple intersections of animal abuse, child victimization, and domestic violence. In K.A. Kendall-Tackett & S.M. Giacomoni (Eds.). Child victimization: Maltreatment, bullying and dating violence: Prevention and intervention (pp. 3-1 — 3-36). Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute.
Ascione, F.R. (1999).The abuse of animals and human interpersonal violence: Making the connection. In F.R. Ascione & P. Arkow (Eds.). Child abuse, domestic violence, and animal abuse: Linking the circles of compassion for prevention and intervention (pp. 50-61). West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press.
* Ascione, F.R., & Arkow, P. (Eds.) (1999). Child abuse, domestic violence and animal abuse: Linking the circles of compassion for prevention and intervention. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press.
Ascione, F.R.. & Lockwood, R. (2001). Cruelty to animals: Changing psychological, social and legislative perspectives. In D.J. Salem & A.N. Rowan (Eds.). The state of the animals 2001 (pp. 39-54). Washington, DC: Humane Society of the U.S.
Bacon, H. (2022). Canines and felines. In Knight, A., Phillips, C., & Sparks, P. (Eds.). Routledge Handbook of Animal Welfare (pp. 241-256). London: Routledge. DOI: 10.4324/9781003182351-22.
Baenninger, R. (1991). Violence toward other species. In R. Baenninger (Ed.).Targets of violence and aggression (pp. 5-43). Amsterdam: North-Holland.
Barnard, N.D. & Hogan,, A.R. (undated). Animal Abuse: The Start of Some Things Bad.” Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine Commentary [accessed at www.pcrm.org/issues/commentary].
Beaumont, A.P. (2015, June 26). Invisible animal abuse and human interpersonal violence in Canada: An anthrozoological perspective on policy, legislation and the need for cross-sector reporting. Animalia, 1(1).
Boat, B.W., Loar, L. & Phillips, A. (2008). Collaborating to assess, intervene, and prosecute animal abuse: A continuum of protection for children and animals. In F.R. Ascione (Ed.). International handbook of animal abuse and cruelty: Theory, research, and application (pp. 392-422). West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press.
Bosha, J.A., Tion, M.T., & Agbo, J.O. (2018). A case of cruelty in dog and its management. GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3(3), 6-9. https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2018.3.3.0034
Brewster, M.P. & Reyes, C.L. (Eds.). (2016). Animal cruelty: A multidisciplinary approach to understanding (2nd ed.). Durham, NC.: Carolina Academic Press.
Brewster, M.P. & Reyes, C.L. (Eds.). (2013). Animal cruelty: A multidisciplinary approach to understanding. Durham, NC.: Carolina Academic Press.
Calgary Humane Society (2003). Violence prevention manual for Calgary Humane Society staff and volunteers. Calgary, AB: Calgary Humane Society.
Calgary Humane Society (2003). Animal violence prevention manual for violence prevention service providers. Calgary, AB: Calgary Humane Society.
Calgary Humane Society (2003). Animal violence prevention manual for educators. Calgary, AB: Calgary Humane Society.
Caravaca-Llamas, C. (2022). La violencia hacia las mascotas como indicador en la violencia de género. Tabula Rasa, 41, 269–286. https://doi.org/10.25058/20112742.n41.12
Caribbean Animal Welfare Conference (2004). Proceedings of the Caribbean Animal Welfare Conference: The connection between animal abuse and interpersonal violence. St. Croix, U.S.V.I., May 21.
* Carlisle-Frank, P. & Flanagan, T. (2006). Silent victims: Recognizing and stopping abuse of the family pet. Lanham, MD: University Press of America.
Coulter, K. (2023). Defending Animals: Finding Hope on the Front Lines of Animal Protection. MIT Press.
Coulter, K., & Jones, E. (2024). Toward a humane society for us all: The social impacts of animal welfare nonprofits. London, Ont., Canada: HumaneJobs.org.
* DeGue, S., & DiLillo, D. (2009). Is animal cruelty a “red flag” for family violence? Investigating co-occurring violence toward children, partners, and pets. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 24(6), 1036-1056.
DeMello, M. (2021). Animals and society: An introduction to human-animal studies. Columbia University Press.
Doris Day Animal Foundation (2004). The Violence Connection: An Examination of the Link between Animal Abuse and Other Violent Crimes. Washington, DC.
Dowling, J.M. (1998). Animal cruelty & human violence: Making the connection. Animal Sheltering, 21(1), 5.
Fanni, F., Dóra, K.H., László, Ó., & Szilvia, V. (2025). Az állatkínzás és az emberek elleni erőszak összefüggéseinek ismertsége és megítélése a magyar lakosság körében. [Awareness and perception of the connection between animal cruelty and violence against people among the Hungarian population.] Magyar Állatorvosok Lapja, 147(2). [IN HUNGARIAN]
Fazekas, F. (2024). Az állatkínzás és a személyek elleni erőszakos bűncselekmények kapcsolata [The link between animal cruelty and violent crimes against people]. Miskolci Jogtudó HU ISSN 2630-9505 2024/1. szám 69–81. [IN HUNGARIAN]
Felthous, A. R. & Kellert, S. R. (1986). Violence against animals and people: Is aggression against living creatures generalized? Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and Law, 14,55-69.
Ferreira, G.M., & Williams, J.M. (2023). Animal abuse: A concern for all. In G.M. Ferreira & J.M. Williams Ferreira (Eds.). Understanding Animal Abuse and How to Intervene with Children and Young People: A Practical Guide for Professionals Working With People and Animals (pp. 1-13). Routledge.
Fine, A.H., Beck, A.M., & Arkow, P. (2025). Understanding our kinship with animals: Input for health care professionals interested in the human-animal bond. In A.H. Fine (Ed.). Handbook on Animal Assisted Therapy, 6th ed, (pp. 3-13). Elsevier.
Fine, A.H., Ng, Z., Knight, M.P., Griffin, T.C., Braun, L., & Feldman, S. (2025). A commentary on perspectives of the pet effect: Exploring public awareness, community impact, and public policy implications. Pets, 2(2), 24; https://doi.org/10.3390/pets2020024
The Florida Senate (2004). The Connection Between Domestic Violence, Child Abuse and Cruelty to Animals. Tallahassee: Committee on Criminal Justice, Sen. Stephen R. Wise, Chair: Interim Project Report 2005-125, November 2004.
Flynn, C. P. (2012). Understanding animal abuse: A sociological analysis. Brooklyn, NY: Lantern Books
Flynn, C.P. (2001). Acknowledging the ‘zoological connection’: A sociological analysis of animal cruelty. Society & Animals, 9(1), 71-87..
Gullone, E. (2009). A lifespan perspective on human aggression and animal abuse . In A. Linzey (Ed.). The Link between animal abuse and human violence (pp. 38-60). Eastbourne, East Sussex, UK: Sussex Academic Press.
Hodges, C. (2008). The Link: Cruelty to Animals and Violence Towards People. East Lansing: Michigan State University College of Law Animal Legal & Historical Center.
Holoyda, B.J. (2024). The relationship between animal maltreatment and interpersonal violence, (pp. 98-112). In L. Levitt, D.B. Rosengard & J. Rubin (Eds.). Animals as Crime Victims. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Hovel, H. (2023). Causes and Correlations of Violence: Addendum to The Connection between Animal Abuse and Human Violence. Kingston, NY: New York State Humane Association.
Hovel, H. (2019). The Connection Between Animal Abuse and Human Violence (2nd ed.). Kingston, NY: New York State Humane Association.
Hovel, H. (2015). The Connection Between Animal Abuse and Human Violence. Kingston, NY: New York State Humane Association.
Humane Canada (2023). A Survey on Awareness of the Violence Link Across 10 Key Sectors: Survey Results and Summary. Ottawa: Author.
* Humane Canada (2020). The Violence Link: Review of the Literature. Ottawa: Author.
Humane Society of the United States (2008). First Strike: The Violence Connection. Washington, DC: Author.
Institute on Violence, Abuse & Trauma (2017). A National Plan to End InterpersonalViolence Across the Lifespan. San Diego, CA: Author.
Jegatheesan, B., Enders-Slegers, M.-J., Ormerod, E., & Boyden, P. (2020). Understanding the link between animal cruelty and family violence: The bioecological systems model. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(9), 3116. doi:10.3390/ijerph17093116.
Lacroix, C.A. (1999). Another weapon for combating family violence: Prevention of animal abuse. In F.R. Ascione & P. Arkow (Eds.). Child abuse, domestic violence, and animal abuse: Linking the circles of compassion for prevention and intervention (pp. 62-80). West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press.
Lazar, M., Hritcu, O., Ailincai, L., Pavel, G., Ioan, B. G., Scripcaru, A., & Lazar, R. (2022). Cruelty to animals: An abusive human-animal relationship: Case study Romania. Romanian Journal of Legislative Medicine, 30, 268-273.
Levinthal, J. (2010). The Community Context of Animal and Human Maltreatment: Is There a Relationship between Animal Maltreatment and Human Maltreatment: Does Neighborhood Context Matter? Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania School of Social Policy and Practice. Publicly accessible Penn Dissertations. Paper 274. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/274/
* Linzey, A. (Ed.). (2009). The link between animal abuse and human violence. Eastbourne, East Sussex, UK: Sussex Academic Press.
Linzey, A. (ed.). (2012). Violence sur les Animaux et les Humains: Le Lien. [French edition]. Paris: One Voice.
Loar, L. (1999). “I’ll only help you if you have two legs,” or, Why human services professionals should pay attention to cases involving cruelty to animals. In F.R. Ascione & P. Arkow (Eds.). Child abuse, domestic violence, and animal abuse: Linking the circles of compassion for prevention and intervention (pp. 120-136). West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press.
Lockwood, R. (1999). Animal cruelty and societal violence: A brief look back from the front. In F.R. Ascione & P. Arkow (Eds.). Child abuse, domestic violence, and animal abuse: Linking the circles of compassion for prevention and intervention (pp. 3-8). West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press.
Lockwood, R. & Hodge, G. (1986). The tangled web of animal abuse: The links between cruelty to animals and human violence. Humane Society News, Summer, 10-15.
* Lockwood, R. & Ascione, F. R. (Eds.). (1998). Cruelty to Animals and Interpersonal Violence: Readings in Research and Application. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press.
Loring, M., Geffner, R., & Marsh, J. (2008). Animal Abuse and Family Violence: Linkages, Research, and Implications for Professional Practice. London: Routledge.
Loring, M., Marsh, J., & Geffner, R. (2007). Introduction: Animal abuse and family violence. Journal of Emotional Abuse, 7(3), 1-6.
Lunghofer, L., & Shapiro, K. (2014). The co-occurrence of human violence and animal abuse: Policy implications and interventions. Psyke & Logos, 35, 130-135.
Mogbo. T.C., Oduah, F.N., Okeke, J.J., Ufele, A.N., & Nwankwo, O.D. (2013). Animal cruelty: A review. Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 3(8), 94-98.
Mota-Rojas, D., Strappini, A., Whittaker, A.L., Ghezzi, M., & Titto, C.G. (2023). Controversial topics in animal welfare in Latin America: A focus on the legislation surrounding the human-companion animal relationship and animals used for recreational practices. Animals, 13, 1463. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13091463.
* National Link Coalition (2012). The Link between Violence to People and Violence to Animals. http://www.nationallinkcoalition.org/assets/docs/understanding-the-link.pdf
National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (2003). Understanding the Links: Child Abuse, Animal Abuse and Domestic Violence. London: NSPCC.
National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children & Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (2001). Making the links: A conference to explore the links between child abuse and animal abuse and the implications for practice and policy: Conference report. London: NSPCC.
New Zealand Companion Animal Council (2016). Companion animals in New Zealand 2016. Auckland: Author.
Nurfitriyani, S.J., Akbar, Z.I., Rahajeng, S.D., Leonardo, C., & Warnars, H.L.H.C. (2019). MYANIMACH: Aplikasi mobile untuk membantu binatang yang diabaikan. Jurnal Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknik Informatika, 12(2), 155-164. [Indonesian]
* Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology (POST) (2010, January). Pets, Families and Interagency Working. Postnote No. 350. London: Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology.
Patronek, G. (2016). Animal maltreatment as a social problem. In, L. Levitt, G. Patronek, & T. Grisso (Eds.). Animal Maltreatment: Forensic Mental Health Issues and Evaluations. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, pp. 3-39.
Patterson-Kane, E., & Piper, H. (2009). Animal abuse as a sentinel for human violence: A critique. Journal of Social Issues, 65(3), 589-614.
Patterson-Kane, E., & Rich, T, (2026). Animal Welfare Science: An Interdisciplinary Guide. CRC Press.
Petersen, M.L. & Farrington, D.P. (2009).Types of cruelty: Animals and childhood cruelty, domestic violence, child and elder abuse. In, A. Linzey (Ed.). The Link Between Animal Abuse and Human Violence. Eastbourne, East Sussex, UK: Sussex Academic Press, pp. 24-37.
Petrovski, L. (1997). Animal abuse and human violence. Trends, December, pp. 7-11.
Phillips, C. (2009). The Welfare of Animals: The Silent Majority. Springer.
Potts, A., Armstrong, P., & Brown, D. (2013). A New Zealand book of beasts: Animals in our culture, history and everyday life. Auckland: Auckland University Press.
Puls, L. (2020). Pet abuse, interpersonal violence, and victim services: Annotated bibliography. Center for Victim Research. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11990/2037
Randour, M.L., Smith-Blackmore, M., Blaney, N., DeSousa, D., & Guyony, A.-A. (2019). Animal abuse as a type of trauma: Lessons for human and animal service professionals. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 22(2), 277-288. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838019843197
* Reyes, C.L., & Brewster, M.P. (2023). Animal Cruelty: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Understanding (3rd ed.). Carolina Academic Press.
Robin, M.(1999). Innocent victims: The connection between animal abuse and violence toward humans. Minnesota Medicine, 82, August.
Robis, M. (2013). Maus Tratos aus Animais e Violencia Contra as Pessoas [Portuguese: Animal Mistreatment and Violence Against Persons.] Sao Paulo, Brazil: Author.
Roza, D. (2022, June 15). There’s a disturbing trend of animal cruelty reports at multiple US military bases. Task & Purpose.
Rufino, P.H.Q., Sousa, F.d.S., Belettini, S.T., Dissenha, A., & Boscarato, A.G., et al. (2024). Maus trato a animais e teoria do elo [Animal maltreatment and Link theory]. Brazilian Journal of Implantology and Health Sciences, 6(4), 2603-2621. [Portuguese].
Scottish SPCA (2001). Animal Cruelty: Family Violence. What You Need to Know. Edingurgh: Author.
Segredo, E. (2020). El enfoque Una Salud-Un Bienestar, en el abordaje integral de la violencia humano-animal. [The approach to health and well-being, in the integral approach of human-animal violence.]Calidad de Vida y Salud, 13(Especial), 220-254.
Serpell, J.A. (1999). Working out the beast: An alternative history of Western humaneness. In F.R. Ascione & P. Arkow (Eds.). Child abuse, domestic violence, and animal abuse: Linking the circles of compassion for prevention and intervention (pp. 38-49). West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press.
Sezgin, N. (2024). From animal cruelty to human violence: A mini review. International Journal of Forensic Sciences, 9(2), 1-6. DOI: 10.23880/ijfsc-16000381
Shih, H. Y., Paterson, M. B., & Phillips, C. J. (2019). Socioeconomic influences on reports of canine welfare concerns to the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) in Queensland, Australia. Animals, 9(10), 711.
Shih, H. Y., Paterson, M. B., & Phillips, C. J. (2019). A retrospective analysis of complaints to RSPCA Queensland, Australia, about dog welfare. Animals, 9(5), 282.
Siebert, C. (2010, June 13). The animal-cruelty syndrome. The New York Times Magazine, pp. 42-51.
Solot, D. (1997). Untangling the animal abuse web. Society & Animals 5, 257-265.
Taylor, N. & Signal, T.(2008). Throwing the baby out with the bathwater: Towards a sociology of the human-animal abuse “link.” Sociological Research Online, 13 (1/2).
Taylor, N., & Signal, T. (2005). Harm to women, chuildren & animals: Institutionalized cruelty? Queensland Centre for Domestic & Family Vuiolence Research Newsletter, 3(3), 10.
Taylor, N. & Signal, T. (2004). Attitude to animals: An indicator of risk of interpersonal violence? Journal of the Home Economics Institute, 11(3), 9-12.
Taylor, N., Signal, T., & Stark, T. (2006). Domestic violence, child abuse and companion animal harm: Service provision. Journal of the Home Economics Institute of Australia, 13(1).
Thompson, D.N. (2013). The link between animal abuse and other violent behavior. Deputy and Court Officer, 5(3), 4-6.
* Tiplady, C. (2013). Animal Abuse: Helping Animals and People. Wallingford, Oxf., UK and Boston, Mass., USA: CABI.
Tiplady, C., Walsh, D., & Baulch, M. (2013). Human/abuse. In, C. Tiplady (Ed.). Animal Abuse: Helping Animals and People. Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK: CAB International, pp. 93-103.
Unti, B. (2008). Cruelty indivisible: Historical perspectives on the link between cruelty to animals and interpersonal violence. In, F.R. Ascione (Ed.). International Handbook of Animal Abuse and Cruelty: Theory, Research, and Application. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press, pp. 7-30.
Williams, J.M., & Ferreira, G.M. (2023). Animal Abuse: What we know, what we can do, and what we need to know. In G.M. Ferreira & J.M. Williams Ferreira (Eds.). Understanding Animal Abuse and How to Intervene with Children and Young People: A Practical Guide for Professionals Working With People and Animals (pp. 167-182). Routledge.
World Society for the Protection of Animals (2006). The link between violence and animal cruelty. Global Network 7, 16-17.
Yamazaki, S., & Yamazaki, K. (2019). The Link Between Animal Abuse and Interpersonal Violence: Exploring the Two Sides of the Same Issue. [Published in Japanese]. Tokyo: Animal Literacy Research Institute.